From topological charge information to a set of solitons

From topological charge information to a set of solitons in a quadratic nonlinear medium.

The principle of operation of a new class of optical devices operating in a quadratic nonlinear medium is described.

Types of solitons and soliton waves.

Trends in the development of communications networks on optical fibers in the United States.

An extremely rapid growth in the market for fiber-optic communication networks in the USA is noted. The pace of development of new technologies is such that industry lags significantly behind. A similar trend persists both in the field of creating long-distance communication systems and in the field of local communication networks. Among the long-distance communication systems, the creation of a fiber-optic communication network for the states of the Midwest with the length of long-distance communication paths> 20 thousand km, communication paths within cities> 8 thousand km is noted.
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Firm Lucent's Technologies'produces new types of optical fibers with high throughput for local fiber-optic communication networks. It is noted that many fiber-optic communication networks in the present. time reached 85% of throughput and expand on average by 20% per year. A characteristic trend is the emergence of a large number of small and medium-sized firms, which often merge.